基于联盟链的去中心化能源交易系统

Decentralized Energy Trading System Based on Consortium Blockchain

随着分布式能源的快速发展,传统的中心化能源交易系统遇到了建造和维护中心化数据库的成本较高、数据被篡改后会酿成严重后果和难以保障用户隐私这三大问题。针对这些问题,设计了一种基于联盟链的去中心化能源交易系统。首先,分析了该系统的组成部分,利用联盟链的准入机制对用户进行监管。介绍了该系统的交易流程,包括网络节点的配置,使用数字证书注册管理员和用户,借鉴链上链下协同架构实现分布式交易撮合等。接着,介绍了该系统使用的分布式交易撮合算法。然后,利用Hyperledger Fabric平台研发了该系统,介绍了相关的软件架构。最后,分析了使用联盟链的优点,从系统总成本、园区内分布式光伏发电自销占比两个方面将设计的系统与中心化的点对网交易系统进行比较,验证了该系统用于分布式能源交易的可行性。

With the rapid development of distributed energy, conventional centralized energy trading systems have encountered three major problems: the high cost of building and maintaining a centralized database, the serious consequences caused by data tampering, and the difficulty of protecting user privacy. To solve these problems, this paper presents a decentralized energy trading system based on consortium blockchain. First, this paper analyses the components of the system, using the access mechanism of consortium blockchain to supervise users. The paper then introduces the transaction flow of the system, including the configuration of network nodes, the use of digital certificates to register administrators and users, and the realization of distributed transaction matching using the architecture of on-chain and offchain collaborations. The system is then established using the Hyperledger Fabric platform, and the related software architecture is introduced. Finally, this paper analyzes the advantages of using consortium blockchain, compares the system designed in this paper with the centralized peer-to-grid trading system from two aspects: total system cost and ratio of distributed PV energy traded within park, which verifies the feasibility of applying this system to distributed energy trading.