单细胞蛋白质技术及其在癌症中的应用

Single cell protein technology and its application in cancer

目的综述单细胞蛋白质组学的新兴技术及其在各类癌症中的不同应用现状。方法以“单细胞、蛋白质组学、质谱分析、癌症”为中文关键词;以“single cell、proteomics、MS、cancer”为英文关键词,检索PubMed和中国知网数据库2006-01-01-2023-05-01发表的相关文献。纳入标准:(1)单细胞组学概述;(2)单细胞组学中单细胞蛋白质组学概述;(3)单细胞组学质谱法;(4)单细胞蛋白质组学在癌症方面的应用。排除标准:会议摘要及中文学位论文等非正式发表的文献。依据纳入和排除标准,最终纳入37篇文献进行分析。结果单细胞蛋白质组学在很多方面都有了新兴技术,特别是在样本制备与分离、电解和电离、质谱和电气分离方面。单细胞蛋白质组学对于癌症的监测、免疫治疗、靶向治疗、放疗、化疗等具有良好的应用前景,也可用于癌症预后评估。但仍然存在一些技术上的挑战,例如敏感性及高效性。结论单细胞蛋白质组学在癌症的监测、免疫治疗、靶向治疗、放疗、化疗、预后方面虽然取得了一定进展,仍然面临敏感性、高效性、普遍性等相关问题的挑战。

Objective To review the emerging technologies in single-cell proteomics and their different applications in various types of cancer.Methods By using the PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases,relevant literature from January 1,2006 to May 1,2023 were searched with Chinese and English keywords of"single cell,proteomics,mass spectrometry,cancer".Inclusion criteria included:(1)The overview of single-cell omics;(2)Overview of single-cell proteomics in single-cell omics;(3)Single-cell omics mass spectrometry;(4)Single-cell proteomics in cancer.Exclusion criteria was informal publications such as conference abstracts and Chinese disertations.A total of 37 articles were ultimately included.Results Single-cell proteomics has seen emerging technologies in many areas,particularly related to sample preparation and separation,electrolysis and ionization,mass spectrometry,and electrical separation.Single-cell proteomics has promising applications for cancer surveillance,immunotherapy,targeted therapy,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,etc.,and it can also be used for prognostic evaluation of cancer.However,there are still some technical challenges,such as sensitivity and efficiency.Conclusion Despite certain progress in cancer surveillance,immunotherapy,targeted therapy,radiotherapy,chemotherapy and prognosis has been made,Single-cell proteomics is still challenged by issues related to sensitivity,efficiency and generalizability.