基于典型人物塑造的青年政治动员模式探析——以《中国青年报》为中心的考察(1951—2021)

Exploration and Analysis of Youth Political Mobilization Model Based on the Creation of Typical Characters:An Investigation Centered on "China Youth Daily"(1951-2021)

典型人物塑造一直是党和国家进行青年政治动员、促进青年政治社会化的有效途径。以《中国青年报》(1951—2021)为文本,考察青年典型人物的建构与嬗变历程,透视典型人物塑造所隐藏的青年政治动员的运作逻辑和发生机理。典型人物塑造暗含国家政治动员的需要,与特定时期的政治动员目标和内容紧密联系,不同时期典型人物政治形象的变化,体现了国家政治动员内涵的转变。基于典型人物塑造的青年政治动员机制是在权威机构运作下国家社会、媒体呈现、青年群体和典型人物之间良性互动的产物,包括典型符号的生产与控制、典型传播与社会记忆的生产、情感力的开发与生产、心理认同与行动践行四个环节。中国特色的青年政治动员运作机制突出我国政治实践中对道德力量的借重,在一定程度上满足了权威机构政治—道德运作的需要,更加注重以青年典型引领青年,以青年影响青年。完善典型人物塑造机制以更好地服务于青年政治动员,需要在典型人物的选择、宣传及形象建构上实现与时俱进的转变。

The shaping of typical characters has always been an effective way for the party and the country to mobilize youth politics and promote the political socialization of youth.Taking“China Youth Daily”(1951-2021)as the text,this article investigates the construction and evolution of typical youth characters,and looks into the operating logic and mechanism of the youth political mobilization mode hidden in the shaping of typical characters.The modeling of typical characters implies the need for national political mobilization,and is closely related to the goal and content of political mobilization in a particular period of the country.The changes in the political images of typical characters in different periods reflect the transformation of the connotation of national political mobilization.The youth political mobilization mechanism based on the shaping of typical characters is the product of the benign interaction between national society,media presentations,youth groups and typical characters under the operation of authoritative institutions,including the production and control of typical symbols,the production of typical communication and social memory,the development and production of emotional power,the psychological identity and action practice.The operational mechanism of youth political mobilization with Chinese characteristics highlights the importance of moral power in our political practice,and meets the needs of the political-moral operation of authoritative institutions to a certain extent.To improve the shaping mechanism of typical characters and better serve the youth political mobilization,we need to realize the transformation of keeping pace with the times in the selection,propaganda,and image construction of typical characters.