植物意象批评在类书中的生成与传承——以《艺文类聚》子目“桑”为例

The Generation and Inheritance of Plant Image Criticism in Category Books———Take for example,the Yiwen Leiju"Mulberry

《艺文类聚》卷八十八“木部上”子目“桑”运用意象批评的方法,辑录各种文献和诗、赋、赞等三种文体的作品,展现了桑意象在先唐时期的生成与传承,反映了《艺文类聚》编者的植物意象批评观念。远古的桑意象多与女性有关。文学作品中桑意象的生成,源自《诗经》,桑意象大多又与爱情有关。汉初编撰的《列女传》中鲁秋胡妻、齐宿瘤女、陈辩女的故事,使桑意象的内涵发生变化,由桑林中的相悦相恋,转变为桑林中对非礼之举的严词拒绝,采桑女也成为坚守贞洁的女子形象。东汉至南朝陈,桑意象作品的主题呈现多样化趋势:歌咏桑树,表达采桑女对时光和命运的感伤,描写采桑女的美丽,抒发采桑女的离别相思之苦,以及对汉乐府《陌上桑》的模拟。

The YIWEN Leiju,volume eighty-eight,"Mulberry",a sub-item of"Upper Mu Ministry",uses the method of image criticism to compile various literature and works of poetry,Fu and Zan,showing the generation and inheritance of mulberry images in the pre-tang period,it reflects the critical concept of plant image of the editor of the Yiwen Leiju.The image of Mulberry in Ancient Times is mostly related to women.The image of mulberry in Literary Works Originates fromthe Book of Songs,and the image of Mulberry is mostly related to love.The stories of Lu Qiuhu's wife,Qi suyu's daughter and Chen Biannu in the biography of women in the early Han Dynasty changed the connotation of the mulberry image,from Loving Each Other in the mulberry forest to rejecting indecent acts in the mulberry forest,mulberry Girls also become the image of women who adhere to chastity.From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the southern Chen Dynasty,the themes of the Mulberry Image Works showed a variety of trends:Singing Mulberry Trees,expressing the sad feelings of the Mulberry Picking Women for time and fate,describing the beauty of the Mulberry Picking Women,and expressing the pain of the mulberry picking women in their separation from each other,and the Han Yuefu"Mo Shang sang"simulation.