试析陶榖《清异录》的文献价值——兼论隋唐五代的饮食文化

The Literature Value of Qing Yi Lu by Tao Gu——The Diet Culture of Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties

陶榖的《清异录》是一部特殊的笔记,它引述了大量的唐五代时期的饮食文献。本文首先从陶榖的生平、家世与著作出发,指出他出身文学世家,饱读诗书的习惯为他顺利任官提供帮助。不过他性格孤傲,难以与人为善,最终郁郁而终。继而梳理陶榖的著作,发现他博学多识、擅长各种文体,《清异录》便是典型。再者梳理了《清异录》的流传,发现它版本众多,大致可分为四卷本与两卷本,现今以俞钢等人的整理本为最佳。最后通过分析《清异录》所引饮食文献,发现唐五代时期的饮食文化异彩纷呈,不仅深受佛道等宗教饮食戒律的影响,而且传统儒家文化亦进入其中,乃至从西域传来的胡食因子也杂糅进入,这表明中古时期的饮食是包罗万象、色彩缤纷的文化,反映出各民族是我国统一的多民族大家庭中血肉相连的重要成员,建构起“你中有我、我中有你”的中华民族共同体。

The QING YI-LU by Tao Gu is a special note,which quotes a large number of dietary documents in tang and Five Dynasties.This paper first points out that Tao Gu was born into a literary family and his habit of reading poems and books helped him to become an official successfully.However,he was lonely and proud,difficult to be kind to others,and eventually died unhappy.After sorting out tao’s works,we find that he is knowledgeable and good at various literary styles,and Qing Yi Lu is a typical one.Furthermore,the author sorts out the spread of Qing Yi Lu and finds that it has many versions,which can be roughly divided into four volumes and two volumes.Finally through the analysis of the clear vision recorded by diet literature and found that period of the diet culture in tang and five dynasties colorful,not only by the influence of the religious dietary laws such as the Buddha’s path,and also into the traditional Confucian culture,and even coming from the west hu also mix into the food factor,this suggests that the diet is all-encompassing medieval times,colorful culture,It reflects that all ethnic groups are important members of the united multi-ethnic family of China,and constructs a Chinese nation community of"interdependence and interdependence".