西部地区大学生体像障碍与自尊、交往焦虑关系的研究——以青海省为例

The relationship between body dysmorphic disorder, self-esteem and interaction anxiety of college students in the west——A case study of Qinghai Province

目的调查青海省大学生体像障碍现状,分析大学生体像障碍与自尊、交往焦虑的关系,为促进大学生心理健康与自尊水平,改善交往焦虑提供依据.方法使用体像障碍自评量表(BDDS)、中文版体像障碍评定量表(BDD-YBOCS)、自尊量表(SES)、交往焦虑量表(IAS)对304名大学生进行施测.结果①大学生体像障碍阳性检出率为6.908%,自尊是体像障碍患病的保护性因素.性别在体像障碍总分及3个维度上差异显著(t_(1)=3.613,t_(2)=2.314,t_(3)=6.873,t_(总分)=4.473,P<0.001);②自尊得分处中等水平,交往焦虑程度偏高,均分高于常模(t=16.183,P<0.001).③大学生体像障碍与交往焦虑呈显著正相关,大学生体像障碍与自尊呈显著负相关,自尊与交往焦虑呈显著负相关,自尊在大学生体像障碍与交往焦虑之间起中介作用.结论大学生体像障碍不仅可以直接影响交往焦虑,还可以通过自尊间接影响交往焦虑,三者存在一定共患性,应重视并培养大学生树立正确的体像观,提升自尊以建立良好的交往关系.

Objective To investigate the status quo of body dysmorphic disorderr among college students in Qinghai Province,analyze the relationship between body dysmorphic disorder,self-esteem and interaction anxiety.To provide a basis for promoting college students’mental health and self-esteem level as well as lowering interaction anxiety.Methods Using the Body dysmorphic disorder Rating Scale(BDDS&BDD-YBOCS),Self-Esteem Scale(SES)and Interaction Anxiety Scale(IAS),304 college students in Qinghai Province were tested.Results①The positive detection rate of body dysmorphic disorder in college students was 6.908%,self-esteem was a protective factor for body dysmorphic disorder.Gender was significantly different in body dysmorphic disorder total score and 3 dimensions(t_(1)=3.613,t_(2)=2.314,t_(3)=6.873,t_(total)=4.473,P<0.001);②The self-esteem score was at a moderate level,and the level of interaction anxiety was high,the average score was higher than the norm(t=16.183,P<0.001).③The body dysmorphic disorder of college students was significantly positively correlated with interaction anxiety,the body dysmorphic disorder of college students was significantly negatively correlated with self-esteem,and self-esteem was significantly negatively correlated with interaction anxiety.Conclusion The body dysmorphic disorder of college students directly affect the anxiety of interaction,also indirectly affect the anxiety of interaction through self-esteem.The three variables have a certain co-occurrence.It is necessary to cultivate college students establish a correct view of body image and improve self-esteem thus establish a good interaction relationship.