农民现代化与中国乡村治理

Modernization of Farmers and Rural Governance in China

百年来中国农民现代化探索主要经历了理念启蒙的倡导期、社会实验的探索期、理想浪漫的实施期、开放务实的发展期四个阶段。这是一个从简单、含糊、笼统、被动走向丰富、明晰、具体、主动的伟大进程:一是从理念务虚向实践务实的转变,二是从受众承教到获得主体性的转变,三是从简单认知到多元化理解的转变,四是从相对封闭向开放广阔的转变。农民现代化的实现过程与方式主要表现在:自上而下的运动式推进、以问题为导向的解决之策、以制度建设为保障、情感认同的内化交流。未来,要通过乡村善治进一步推进中国农民现代化进程,在人的现代化、协同发展、分别施策、精准对策上下功夫,发挥特色优势和加强制度创新,确立城乡健康发展的新理念。

In the past 100 years,the exploration of Chinese farmer modernization has mainly experienced four stages:the advocacy period of idea enlightenment,the exploration period of social experiment,the implementation period of ideal romance,and the development period of openness and pragmatism.This is a great process from simple,vague,general,passive to rich,clear,specific and active:first,from the concept of virtual to practical;second,from the audience to getting subjectivity;third,from simple cognition to diversified understanding;fourth,from relatively closed to open and broad.The realization process and ways of farmers’modernization are mainly manifested in the following aspects:the top-down movement type advancement,the problem-oriented solution,the system construction as the guarantee,and the internalized exchange of emotional identity.In the future,it is necessary to further promote the modernization process of Chinese farmers through good rural governance.Efforts should be made in the modernization of people,coordinated development,separate policies and precise countermeasures,so as to give full play to the characteristic advantages and strengthen the institutional innovation,so as to establish a new concept of healthy development of urban and rural areas.