农民群体利益表达行动的文化嵌入性——一个少数民族村落“保地”行动的田野民族志

Cultural Embedding in Benefits Expressing Action of Peasant Group——The Field Ethnography of A Ethnic Minority Village’s “Protecting Lands” Action

斯科特对于农民"日常反抗"的经典研究为解读转型期中国农民群体的利益表达机制提供了一条可能路径,国内学者依此又拓展出"依法抗争""以法抗争"等结构取向的解释框架。本文以人类学民族志的方法对一个民族村落"保地"行动进行了文化解释。研究表明,下庄经济形态"再集体化"的行动策略实际上是一种群体利益表达的手段,其目的在于有效解决城镇化所带来的土地流失问题。本文认为,以场域的视角来看,农民群体利益表达行动不单受制于结构变迁而引发的权利意识觉醒,更是具体场景中文化意义之网过滤后的产物。由此,本文强调农民利益表达行动的"文化嵌入性",并以此视角对当前农民维权研究的主要范式进行了进一步的讨论。

Scott.J.C’s classic study on"everyday forms of peasant resistance"provides a possible route for understanding the mechanism of interest expression of peasants group at transition period of china.Based on it,domestic scholars have developed structural explanatory of frameworks such as"policy-based resistance","struggle by law"etc.This paper makes a cultural interpretation on the act of"cooperative resistance"from a minority village by method of ethnography.Research shows that the act is a"weapon of resistance"which created by villagers through a form of group economic cooperation on the effect of nets of culture significance in this village.The act of"cooperative resistance"is born when villagers use the systematic means to meet the non-systematic appeal.This paper hold that acts of peasants resistance is not only restricted to awakening of peasants’right consciousness as the social structure change,but also is a filtering product of nets of culture significance.On this basis,this paper emphasizes"cultural embeddness"of the act of peasants’interest expression.Take this perspective into consideration,the paper carries on the further discussion to main paradigms of current peasants protecting rights study and disposal practice of national question.