典型农业城市的生态安全格局构建——以莱西市为例

Construction of Ecological Security Pattern of Typical Agricultural Cities:Taking Laixi City as an Example

本文以具有代表性的莱西市为研究区域,依据图形学空间格局分析(MSPA)方法,以景观连通性数值大小确定重要生态源地,并结合坡度、植被指数、距河流距离、土地利用类型、高程5方面阻力评价数据,使用最小累积阻力模型(MCR)与重力模型,构建并区分廊道重要级。研究表明,生态源地共18处,在空间上分布较为分散,面积共28.20 km^(2),占据莱西市面积的1.80%,比例极低;生态廊道共153条,其中重要廊道18条,与大沽河水系基本重合。考虑到大沽河综合生态阻力低,且连接多个生态节点,应着重生态保护力度,确保整体气候调节、物种迁徙作用。生态源地识别与确定廊道重要级的研究方法和结果对莱西市国土空间修复、规划等提供参考,对其他农业城市的生态安全格局构建提供理论依据。

Ecological security pattern is an important method to solve the fragmentation of urban habitat and carry out ecological environment management from the perspective of regional environmental improvement,land space restoration and sustainable development.The source is the source of species diffusion and maintenance,and the corridor is a linear region conducive to the flow of material,energy and information.As important components,the two have built an ecological security pattern.The existing research does not fully consider the landscape connectivity,and only takes the level of ecological resistance as the core research basis,which is difficult to reflect the real biological migration and energy flow in the study area,making the research results lack sufficient guidance.Taking the representative Laixi City as the research area,according to MSPA method,the important ecological source is determined by the value of landscape connectivity,and combined with the resistance evaluation data of slope,vegetation index,distance from the river,land use type and elevation,MCR and gravity model are used to build and distinguish the important level of the corridor.The research shows that there are 18ecological sources,which are scattered in space,with a total area of 28.20km^(2),accounting for 1.80%of the area of Laixi City,with a very low proportion;There are 153ecological corridors,including 18important corridors,which basically coincide with the Dagu River system.Considering that Dagu River has low comprehensive ecological resistance and connects multiple ecological nodes,we should focus on ecological protection to ensure the overall climate regulation and species migration.The research methods and results of identifying and determining the importance level of the corridor provide a reference for the land space restoration and planning of Laixi City,and provide a theoretical basis for the construction of ecological security pattern in other similar cities.