中国南海叶海牛科物种形态描述及检索表修订

Description and a Revised Key to Species of Phyllidiidae from the South China Sea

叶海牛科(Phyllidiidae)是中国南海最常见的裸鳃类动物之一,但由于受关注度较低,中国有关该科分类学的研究较少。为了进一步补充国内叶海牛科的物种记录,本文通过形态学观察的方法,从2019—2021年采集自西沙群岛和南沙群岛的23个叶海牛科标本中,鉴定出3属9种,包括1个新记录种——巴克尔乔小叶海牛(Phyllidiella backeljaui Dominguez,Quintas&Troncoso,2007)。本文对该新记录种、月蓝叶海牛(Phyllidia picta Pruvot-Fol,1957)、席琳类叶海牛(Phyllidiopsis shireenae Brunckhorst,1990)和迷宫小叶海牛(Phyllidiella meandrina Pruvot-Fol,1957)的外部形态特征进行了中文新描述,支持将国内叶海牛科划分为叶海牛属(Phyllidia)、类叶海牛属(Phyllidiopsis)和小叶海牛属(Phyllidiella)3个属的观点。通过比较,对国内叶海牛科研究中存在的物种鉴定错误和同物异名问题分别进行了更正和处理,并修订了叶海牛科的平行式检索表。

Phyllidiidae is one of the most common nudibranchs in the South China Sea(SCS).However,due to the low level of attention,there are few studies on taxonomy of this family in China.In order to supplement the species records of Phyllidiidae,based on morphological observation,nine phyllidiid species,including one new record species(Phyllidiella backeljaui Dominguez,Quintas&Troncoso,2007),were identified from the specimens collected from SCS during 2019—2021.The external morphological characteristics of the new record species and other three species(Phyllidia picta Pruvot-Fol,1957;Phyllidiopsis shireenae Brunckhorst,1990;Phyllidiella meandrina Pruvot-Fol,1957)were described,and supported the viewpoint of there being three genera in Phyllidiidae from China.Misidentifications and synonyms in previous studies were discussed and corrected,and a revised key to species of Phyllidiidae was provided.