某款SUV小重叠偏置碰撞结构耐撞性研究

Crashworthiness Study Based on the Small-Overlap Crash Test of an SUV

某款SUV车型进行IIHS规程25%重叠偏置碰撞试验评价等级为"较差",采用理论、计算机辅助工程(Computer Aided Engineering,CAE)和试验相结合的方式对其结构耐撞性进行改进分析研究。分析探讨了小重叠偏置碰撞中载荷传递路径和能量传递情况,通过建立有限元模型模拟碰撞过程,CAE仿真和试验结果吻合较好。结合理论分析确定改进策略和方案,对改进方案进行仿真分析,仿真结果显示车辆的车体变形程度和乘员舱侵入量明显减小,改进方案的评价等级提升至"良好"。根据实车情况采用最优方案进行试验验证,最终获得"良好"评级,对于小重叠偏置碰撞结构耐撞性能开发具有较好的指导作用。

An SUV model was evaluated as"Poor"in the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety(IIHS)small overlap crash test.Therefore theory,CAE simulation and experiment were used to study how to improve the crashworthiness of the SUV.The load transfer path and energy transfer were analyzed.The crash simulation was conducted via finite element method and the CAE simulation results were in good agreement with the test results.The optimal strategy and the improvement schemes were proposed based on theoretical analysis,and validated by CAE simulation.The simulation results show that the vehicle body deformation and occupant cabin intrusion are significantly reduced,and the rating is upgraded to"Acceptable"level.Finally the vehicle which adopted the best scheme was evaluated as"Acceptable"in the crash test.The study provides a good guide for the crashworthiness improvement of vehicles in the small overlap frontal crash test.