延安时期知识分子理论学习制度建设探析

On the Construction of Intellectuals’ Theoretical Learning System in Yan’an Period

知识分子的理论学习教育,一般与党对干部、普通民众的学习教育要求有叠加的共性特征,又与这些阶层的学习活动区别开来,呈现出其独有的特殊性。延安时期知识分子群体是以延安为中心汇集而形成的,以思想上认同党的革命理论为特点的知识分子。为了消除“左”倾和右倾错误的干扰,促使知识分子在思想上认同马克思主义,以毛泽东同志为主要代表的中国共产党人从革命的实际出发,进一步健全了知识分子的理论学习制度,制定了切合抗战实际的学习举措,激发了知识分子的革命自觉。通过理论学习教育,知识分子注重以实事求是的态度来对待马克思主义,做到了与工农群众的结合,实现了中共引导与知识分子革命主动性的双向互动,为以后党的理论学习教育提供了重要的借鉴价值。

Generally,the theoretical study and education for intellectuals has the common characteristics with the learning activities of the Party for officials and ordinary people,and it is different from the learning activities of these classes,showing its particularity.In Yan’an period(the 13 years of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Northern Shaanxi,specifically from October 19,1935 to March 23,1948),the group of intellectuals was formed with Yan’an as the center,and they were characterized by ideological recognition of the revolutionary theory of the Party.In order to eliminate the interference of wrong trend of thought and encourage them to identify with Marxism ideologically,the Chinese Communists led by Mao Zedong,improved the theoretical learning system of intellectuals and stipulated corresponding learning measures in terms of learning content and methods according to the reality of revolution,which stimulated the revolutionary consciousness of intellectuals.Through the theoretical study,intellectuals paid attention to the attitude of seeking truth from facts to treat Marxism,interacted with the masses of workers and farmers as well as the CPC,which provide an important reference for the Party’s theoretical study.