突发公共事件中的行政问责分析

Analysis of Administrative Accountability in Public Emergencies

行政问责是国家政府向责任型政府转变的产物,也是民主政治的重要体现。社会契约论认为,公民将公共权力委托予政府,政府代理公民行使公共权力。而行政问责即委托方对代理方行使公共权力失范的问责,已获得授权的个人或机构应该对其工作绩效给予委托方回答。自"非典"疫情发生以来,突发公共事件行政问责之重要性逐渐凸显,进一步明确了突发公共事件中的行政问责"由谁问""向谁问""问什么""怎样问",对于完善我国行政问责制度,打造责任型政府、服务型政府、法治型政府意义重大。

Administrative accountability is the product of the transformation from a national government to a responsible government,and it is also an important manifestation of democratic politics.Social contract theory holds that citizens entrust public power to the government,which exercises public power on behalf of citizens.The administrative accountability is the principal’s responsibility for the agent’s improper exercise of public power.Authorized individuals or institutions should give the principal an answer on their work performance.Since the outbreak of SARS,the importance of administrative accountability in public emergencies has gradually become prominent.Further clarifying the"who asks","to whom","to whom","what to ask"and"how to ask"administrative accountability in public emergencies is of great significance for improving China’s administrative accountability system and building a responsible government,a service-oriented government and a government ruled by law.