数据产权类型化的法律意义

The Legal Significance of Data Property Right Typification

作为生产要素的数据不但是新经济的核心要素,而且改变着传统产业的生产方式与经营模式。加工过的数据才会产生产权,也就是"新生成"的数据。根据主体类型不同,数据产权分为个人数据产权、企业数据产权与政务数据产权。个人数据产权是绝对权,个人对其数据权利的使用与处分,属于数据产权的支配权能,产生的收益归属于权利人则是权利行使的必然逻辑。企业对自身独有数据享有产权;企业作为平台或者介质的数据产权属于用户;企业经营活动所获取的数据根据其贡献度分配产权。政务数据包括政府数据和社会数据,政务应该建立数据公开共享平台,实施政务数据双向开放:一是政府数据对社会开放;二是社会数据对政府开放。

As a production factor,data is not only the core factor of the new economy,but also changes the production methods and business models of traditional industries.Only processed data will produce property rights,that is,"newly generated"data.According to different types of entities,data property rights are divided into personal data property rights,corporate data property rights,and government data property rights.Personal data property rights are absolute rights.Individuals use and dispose of their data rights are the dominant power of data property rights,and the resulting income belongs to the right holder is the inevitable logic of the exercise of rights.Enterprises have the property rights to their own unique data;the data property rights of the enterprise as a platform or medium belong to users;the data obtained by the business activities of the enterprise is allocated property rights according to its contribution.Government affairs data includes government data and social data.Government affairs should establish a data open sharing platform and implement two-way openness of government affairs data:one is that government data is open to the society;the other is that social data is open to the government.