公民提起民事公益诉讼的学理分析及制度构想

Theoretical Analysis and System Conception of Civil Public Interest Litigation Filed by Citizens

就公民个人能否提起民事公益诉讼的问题,学界主要分为否定和肯定两派。就后者而言,其又可细分为激进派、折衷派和稳健推进派。其中,稳健推进派一方面持肯定态度,但另一方面也主张我国公民仅能提起非纯粹的民事公益诉讼(含复合型及扩散型民事公益诉讼),但不得提起《民事诉讼法》第55条规定的狭义民事公益诉讼。在此基础上,本文以稳健推进派的视角对配套制度加以设计并做合理性论证。

On the issue of whether individual citizens can initiate civil public interest litigation,academic circles are mainly divided into negative and positive groups.As for the latter,it can then be subdivided into radicalism,eclecticism and conservatism.On the one hand,among them,the conservatism holds a positive attitude.But on the other hand,the conservatism also advocates that Chinese citizens can only initiate non-pure civil public interest litigation(including compound and divergent civil public interest litigation)but cannot initiate the civil public interest litigation in the narrow sense stipulated in Article 55 of the civil procedure law.On this basis,this paper designs and analyzes the rationality of the supporting system from the perspective of the conservatism.