论医疗美容纠纷的消费者保护路径

On the Consumer Protection Path of Medical Beauty Disputes

受传统医疗关系理论影响,医疗美容纠纷采用消费者保护路径存在理论障碍,司法实务中也出现了裁判结果冲突、法律适用分歧、获赔范围不一的情形。相较于一般的医疗行为,医疗美容行为在性质、目的、对象、定价、宣传、服务者能力、就医者自主权等方面有显著差异,应当反映在法律适用上,不宜与一般的医疗行为相同对待。医疗美容服务是生活消费关系,属于《消费者权益保护法》的调整范围。医疗美容就医者处于弱者地位,将其纳入《消费者权益保护法》保护,契合《消费者权益保护法》的立法宗旨。此外,传统合同法和侵权责任法在过错认定、损害认定、赔偿范围、主体资格规则上不利于就医者。基于利益平衡,以及保护医疗美容就医者合法权益的现实需要,医疗美容纠纷存在适用《消费者权益保护法》的空间。

Under the influence of traditional medical relationship theory,there are theoretical obstacles in using consumer protection path in medical beauty disputes.In judicial practice,there are also conflicts of judgment results,differences in the application of law,and different scopes of compensation.Compared with the general medical behavior,medical cosmetology behavior has significant differences in nature,purpose,object,pricing,publicity,ability of service providers,autonomy of patients and so on,which should be reflected in the application of law and should not be treated the same as the general medical behavior.Medical beauty service is the living consumption,which belongs to the adjustment scope of consumer protection law.Medical beauty patients are in a weak position,so it is in line with the legislative purpose of the consumer protection law to bring them into the protection of the consumer protection law.In addition,the traditional contract law and tort liability law are not conducive to the patients in terms of fault identification,damage identification,compensation scope and subject qualification rules.Based on the balance of interests and the practical needs of protecting the legitimate rights and interests of medical beauty patients,there is room for the application of consumer protection law in medical beauty disputes.