生物安全法治视野下动物次生品的界分与规制

Definition, Classification and Regulation of Animal Secondary Products from the Perspective of Bio-safety Rule of Law

新冠疫情暴露我国动物次生品领域生物安全风险防范机制的空白与短板,导致这种境况的诱因是重经济利用而轻风险治理的旧有理念。基于生物安全法治视角,立法机关有必要补白、优化与强化涉及动物次生品的生物安全风险防范机制,并将迄今隶属于废弃物范畴的动物次生品独立厘定与规制,进而构筑贯穿动物次生品全生命周期的全链条与无死角的绿色监管体制。鉴于动物次生品引发的生物安全风险呈现层级化差异,立法机关亦应针对动物次生品实施类型化的生物安全风险防范措施,并相应设定黑色、黄色、绿色、白色的各别化风险治理清单。在生物安全法治框架下,动物次生品的生物安全风险防范机制与野生动物保护机制须构成实现生态层面公共利益的两翼机制。

The epidemic situation of novel coronavirus has exposed the gap and deficiency in the risk prevention mechanism of bio-safety in the field of animal secondary products in China.The inducement of this gap and deficiency is attributed to the traditional idea of"attaching importance to economic utilization but neglecting risk management".Based on the perspective of bio-safety rule of law,it is necessary for the legislature to supplement,optimize and strengthen the bio-safety risk prevention mechanism involving animal secondary products,and independently define and regulate the animal secondary products which still belong to the category of waste,and then construct a full chain and no dead corner green regulatory system throughout the whole life cycle of animal secondary products.Due to the hierarchical differences in bio-safety risks caused by animal secondary products,the legislature should also implement typed measures to prevent bio-safety risks for animal secondary products,and correspondingly set a list of risk management in black,yellow,green and white.Under the framework of bio-safety rule of law,"bio-safety risk prevention mechanism of animal secondary products"and"wildlife protection mechanism"must constitute two basic mechanisms to realize public interests with ecological attributes.