密云圆悟与汉月法藏的禅思想之诤

The Controversy of Chan Thought between Miyun Yuanwu and Hanyue Fazang

明末是禅宗在中国禅宗史上的最后一个高峰,其分衍流脉、思想活跃、人才辈出,同时,禅门内部也充满了纷诤,尤以密云圆悟与汉月法藏的禅思想之诤引人注目。二人围绕着师承伦理、威音圆相、五家宗旨、禅教关系、接引方式等五个方面进行了论诤,其核心分歧体现在师承伦理方面,这是禅宗长期受宗法社会影响的结果。总体来看,二人“以逆为用”皆有宏振临济之功,其实质是致广大而尽精微的互补关系。

The late Ming Dynasty was the last peak of Chan Buddhism in the history of Chinese Chan Buddhism,with its divergent streams,active thought,and numerous talents,and at the same time,the internal disputes within the Chan school were also full of strife,especially the controversy over Chan thought between MiyunYuanwu and Hanyue Fazang.The core of their disagreement lies in the ethics of the teacher,which is the result of the long-standing influence of the patriarchal society on Chan Buddhism.On the whole,both of them have the merit of revitalizing Linji by“using the opposite as the use”,which is in essence a complementary relationship between the vast and the subtle.