汉英词典新词新义翻译探析——一项基于5本词典的实证研究

双语词典涉及翻译的部分主要是义项和例证。学界对双语词典普通条目的翻译研究较多,而对新词新义翻译的关注则比较欠缺。新词新义条目的翻译对提高双语词典的查得率和适用性至关重要,是双语词典发挥翻译功能的主要载体之一。内向型汉英词典属于编码词典,其主要功能之一在于满足用户从事汉英翻译活动时的参考需求。本文考察5本主流内向型汉英词典新词新义的翻译处理,发现样本条目在义项翻译方面存在着对应词数量不足及翻译不当等问题。作者认为,内向型汉英词典新词新义的翻译应该更多地借助语料库资源,遵循系统译义的思维,力求提升义项翻译的完整性和周延性。

Translating in bilingual dictionaries is mainly fulfilled in the rendering of entry heads and illustrative examples.So far,the translation of common entries has been well-explored.Comparatively,the treatment of neologisms has received short shrift from the lexicographic community.Still,the appropriate translating of booming neologisms is of great theoretical and practical importance for the currency aspiration and the pro-translating feature of bilingual dictionaries.L1-L2 Chinese-English dictionaries are encoding-oriented and intended mainly for facilitating translation from Chinese to English.With an empirical sampling from five leading Chinese-English dictionaries,this contribution elicits the inventory of tactics and strategies engaged in the rendering enterprise of neologisms in these lexicographic works.Also,it is found that one of the lingering problems turns out the problematic equivalenting of entry heads.Based on the follow-up analysis of the identified inadequacies,the present author suggests that a corpus-inspired and systematic approach would be desirable for the translation treatment of lexicographic neologisms,hopefully to shed some light on the improvement of L1-L2 Chinese-English lexicography.