求职节目中不同权势关系下的不赞同言语行为研究

A Study of the Speech Act of Disagreement Performed by People with Different Power Relations in Job-Hunting Reality Show

本文主要研究国内求职节目《非你莫属》中不同权势关系下的不赞同言语行为。采用定性和定量的方法,根据Brown、Levinson实施面子威胁行为的策略,将节目中的不赞同言语划分为对应的策略,并统计其数量和百分比。研究发现:(1)权势地位高的人更容易表达不赞同。(2)权势关系和不赞同策略有关联。当不赞同的一方的权势地位高于或等于被不赞同的一方时(说话者≥受话者),公开直接实施面子威胁的策略使用最多;当不赞同的一方权势地位低于被不赞同的一方时(说话者<受话者),消极礼貌策略使用最多。(3)与说话者权势地位低于受话者(说话者<受话者)的情况相比,积极礼貌策略在说话者权势地位高于或等于受话者(说话者≥受话者)的情况下使用得更多。

This article analyzes the speech act of disagreement performed by people with different power relations in Chinese job-hunting reality show-Only for You.With both qualitative and quantitative methods,sentences containing disagreements are identified and classified into different disagreement strategies,based on Brown and Levinson’s strategies of performing face threatening acts.The numbers and percentages of disagreement strategies are calculated.This study finds that:(1)people with more power are more likely to disagree than those with less power do.(2)There is a relationship between power relations and disagreement strategies.When the speaker who disagrees has more power than(S>H)or has equal power with(S=H)the hearer who is disagreed with,bald-on record strategies are most frequently used.When the speaker has less power than the hearer(S<H),negative politeness strategies are used most.(3)Positive politeness strategies are more often used in the case of S>H and S=H than in the case of S<H.