“判花”考

A Textual Research of Panhua(判花)

“判花”之“判”有平去兩讀,表示不同意義。讀去聲,“判花”一義表示古代在法律文書上簽署花押;一義表示欣賞、稱頌花木。讀平聲,“判花”一義爲賞玩花木;一義表示捨棄開花(的美好景光)。“判花”在讀音和意義上的複雜性由“判”的多音多義導致。工具書僅爲“判”讀去聲的“判花”設立“簽署花押”和“判詞文書”兩個義項,其餘音義及用例未見著録。我們主要利用近體詩律規則,考察“判花”一詞中“判”的讀音,辨析“判”讀不同音時“判花”的各個意義,並爲唐代詩律中歷來有爭議的兩例“判花”確定音義。

The character Pan(判)of Panhua(判花)have level and falling tones,each matching different meanings.With Pan(判)with a falling tone,Panhua(判花)has two kinds of meaning,one is to sigh a signature on a legal document in ancient times,and the other is to appreciate and admire flowers and plants.With Pan(判)with a level tone,Panhua(判花)also has two kinds of meaning,one is to appreciate and enjoy flowers and plants,and the other is to give up(the good time of)flowering.The complexity of tone-meaning relationships of Panhua(判花)is due to the heteronymic character Pan(判).Panhua(判花)in dictionaries only has two meanings with Pan(判)with a falling tone,one is to sigh a signature on a legal document in ancient times,and the other is the signature on a legal document.Other tones and corresponding meanings of Panhua(判花)are not included.By means of the metric rules of the regulated poem,we examine the tone of Pan(判)in Panhua(判花)and judge the different meanings of Panhua(判花)with Pan(判)with different tones.Moreover,we examine the tone and the meaning of Pan(判)in two controversial cases of Panhua(判花)in Tang poems.