《韓非子》的《解老》《喻老》引《老子》考

A Textual Research on “Jielao” & “Yulao” of Hanfei Tzu

《韓非子》的《解老》《喻老》二篇直引《老子》文句加以解説,與《老子》文本關係密切,在校勘中互爲重要的他書資料。本文根據《韓非子》此二篇引文與郭店簡、馬王堆帛書、北大簡及今本《老子》的比較,認定其文本面貌與馬王堆帛書《老子》(尤其是甲本)最爲接近。對《老子》來説,《韓非子》所引《老子》文本相當於一個重要的古本,很多地方獨存其舊;對《韓非子》來説,應當充分利用古本《老子》對其進行校勘。基於以上認識,本文提出對《解老》《喻老》二篇的五則校勘意見。除此之外,根據二篇所引《老子》文本的古本性質,本文推測二篇創作年代亦應較早,而非後世所作、竄入《韓非子》者。

"Jielao"&"Yulao",two passages from Hanfei Tzu,directly quote the sentences of Lao Tzu,so the quotations of two passages are closely related to the texts of Lao Tzu and are mutually important materials in proofreading.Comparing the corresponding quotations with bamboo-slip books in Guodian,silk books in Mawangdui,bamboo-slip books in Peking University and the current edition of Lao Tzu,this paper concludes that the textual features of these quotations are closest to Lao Tzu(especially the first edition)of silk book in Mawangdui.The text of Lao Tzu,quoted by Hanfei Tzu,is quite an important material,because the quotations preserved original contents of Lao Tzu.On the other hand,we may make full use of the original edition of Lao Tzu to proofread Hanfei Tzu.Based on the above understanding,this paper brings out five entries about proofreading of"Jielao"&"Yulao".In addition,according to the feature of Lao Tzu’s texts which are quoted by"Jielao"&"Yulao",this paper infers that"Jielao"&"Yulao"were written earlier.Those who think"Jielao"&"Yulao"were written by later generations and misplaced into Hanfei Tzu are wrong.