敦煌莫高窟壁画修复加固工作的检讨与展望

Retrospects and prospects to the restoration and consolidation of the mural paintings of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang

中国敦煌莫高窟壁画是世界文化宝库,但病害很多,其中龟裂起甲尤甚。因此,如何抢救濒临毁坏的古代珍贵壁画已很紧迫。本文介绍在总结用西方修复湿壁画方法所致缺点的基础上,选用新的粘合剂配方(A:1.5%聚乙烯醇水溶液:1°。聚醋酸乙烯乳液4:1:B:2.5°。聚乙烯醇水溶液:1%聚醋酸乙烯乳液=4:1),采用清洁画面、表面喷涂和注射粘合剂,及压实画皮相结合的工艺,修复了2000m^2龟裂起甲壁画,为保护病害壁画提供了有益的经验。

The mural paintings of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang,China are the cultural treasure in the world,but they were quite damaged,and the crack and surface curl of the paintings are most serious.Therefore,how to rescue these precious mural paintings facing to collapse is an urgent task.This paper describes,the new adhesives formulae on the basis of summing up the disadvantages of restorating frescoes in Europe(A:1.5%of aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol:1%of polyvinyl acetate emulsion=4:1;B:2.5%of aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol:1%of polyvinyl acetate emulsion=4:1).2000 m^2 of cracked or curly paintings were restored by means of cleaning the painting surface spraying or injecting the adhesives onto the painting surface and adhering the surface to the rendering,these methods provide a good experience for restoring the damaged mural paintings.