某士官学校预选卫生士官健康素养调查研究

A survey on the health literacy of pre-selected health non-commissioned officers in a non-commissioned school

【目的】了解某卫生士官学校的预选卫生士官健康素养水平,探索其影响因素,为提高部队整体健康水平提供理论依据。【方法】采用中国健康教育中心2016年编制的《中国公民健康素养调查问卷》,依据预选卫生士官岗位特点设计人口学特征,采用整群抽样方法抽取某卫生士官学校564名预选卫生士官进行调查。数据统计采用SPSS软件,方法为卡方检验和多因素Logistic回归分析。【结果】564名预选卫生士官总健康素养水平为10.99%。三个方面素养中,基本知识和理念素养水平最高(28.37%);六类问题素养中,安全与急救素养水平最高(45.39%),九个指标的素养水平不平衡。多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明,影响预选卫生士官健康素养水平的因素为性别、年龄、家庭所在地、吸烟、体检(次/年)5个指标。女性预选卫生士官的健康素养水平是男性的2.623倍(95%CI为1.088~6.322);21~25岁预选卫生士官的健康素养水平是18~20岁的3.081倍(95%CI为1.460~6.502),26~28岁学兵的健康素养水平是18~20岁学兵的10.260倍(95%CI为3.592~29.305);家庭在大中城市的预选卫生士官健康素养水平是家庭在村镇的4.911倍(95%CI为2.338~10.317),家庭在县城的预选卫生士官健康素养水平是家在村镇的2.543倍(95%CI为1.145~5.650);不吸烟学兵的健康素养水平是吸烟学兵的4.527倍(95%CI为2.196~9.333);每年体检2次及以上的预选卫生士官健康素养水平是不进行体检的4.423倍(95%CI为1.311~14.917)。【结论】该卫生士官学校预选卫生士官的健康素养水平较低且不平衡,需根据影响因素,积极采取有效措施,提高其整体健康素养,提升部队战斗力。

【Objective】To learn the health literacy level of pre-selected health non-commissioned officers in a non-commissioned school,explore its influencing factors,and provide a theoretical basis for improving the overall health of the military.【Methods】According to the"Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire"compiled by the China Health Education Center in 2016,demographic characteristics were designed based on the characteristics of pre-selected health officers,and a total of 564 soldiers from a military health non-commissioned school were selected for investigation.Data statistics were performed via SPSS software,and methods were chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis.【Results】The total health literacy level of 564 pre-selected health non-commissioned soldiers was 10.99%.Among the three aspects of literacy,the basic knowledge and concept literacy level was the highest(28.37%).Among the six types of problem literacy,the safety and first aid literacy level was the highest(45.39%),and the nine indicators were with unbalanced literacy levels.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the factors affecting the health literacy level of the soldiers were five indicators as follows:gender,age,family location,smoking and physical examination(time/year).The female physicist’s health literacy level was 2.623 times that of male cadets(95%CI for OR 1.088-6.322).The health literacy level of 21-to-25-year-old soldiers was 3.081 times(18%CI)that of 18-to-20-year-old soldiers(95%CI for OR is 1.460-6.502).The health literacy level of the 26-to-28-year-old soldiers was 10.260 times that of the 18-to-20-year-old soldiers(95%CI for OR 3.592-29.305).The family’s health literacy level in large and medium cities was4.911 times that in the villages and towns(95%CI for OR 2.338-10.317),and the level of health literacy of the family in the county was2.543 times that of the school in the village(95%CI for OR 1.145-5.65).The health literacy level of non-smokers was 4.527 times that of smoking scholars(95%CI for OR 2.196 to 9.333).The health literacy level of 2 or more physical examinations per year was 4.423 times that of medical examinations(95%CI for OR 1.311 to 14.917).【Conclusion】The health literacy level of pre-selected health non-commissioned officers in this non-commissioned school is low and unbalanced.It is necessary to actively take effective measures according to the influencing factors to improve their overall health literacy and enhance their combat effectiveness.