学龄前儿童牙科畏惧症现状调查及影响因素分析

Investigation on the status quo of dental fear in preschool children and analysis of influencing factors

【目的】探讨口腔门诊学龄前儿童牙科畏惧症(children’s dental fear,CDF)的发生状况及影响因素。【方法】随机抽取于儿童口腔科就诊的3~6岁学龄前儿童411例,采用学龄前儿童牙科畏惧调查问卷和口腔健康调查表进行调查,并采用儿童畏惧调查表-牙科分量表(the children’s fear survey-dental subscale,CFS-DS)评估儿童牙科畏惧程度,通过单因素和多因素Logistics回归分析学龄前儿童CDF影响因素。【结果】本次共发放问卷423份,回收有效问卷411份,有效回收率为411/423,学龄前儿童牙科畏惧症发生率占56.0%。单因素分析发现有CDF者与无CDF者在年龄、主要抚养人、家庭结构、家庭人均月收入、CDF处理方式、日常口腔健康宣教、长期服药史、初次就诊经历、父母口腔健康知识得分及父母牙科畏惧方面的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而学龄前儿童乳牙龋则与CDF无关(P>0.05)。Logistic多元回归分析结果显示学龄前儿童CDF影响因素有主要抚养人、家庭人均月收入、父母口腔健康知识得分及父母牙科畏惧。【结论】学龄前儿童牙科畏惧症由主要抚养人、家庭人均月收入、父母口腔健康知识得分及父母牙科畏惧等多方因素综合作用所致,需要患儿、家长及医护人员共同努力来降低其发病率。

【Objective】To investigate the occurrence of children’s dental fear(CDF)and analyze its influencing factors.【Methods】A cross-sectional survey was conducted to randomly select 411 preschoolers aged 3-6 years old from the department of pediatric stomatology.The dental fear questionnaire and oral health questionnaire were used for investigation.And the children’s fear surveydental subscale(CFS-DS)was used to evaluate the degree of preschooler’s dental fear.Single factor analysis and multifactor Logistics regression analysis were usedto evaluate the influence factors of CDF among preschoolers.【Results】A total of 423 questionnaires were distributed,and 411 of them were effectively recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 411/423.The incidence of dental fear in preschool children was 56.0%.One-way ANOVA showed that the statistical significance was provided from the difference of dental fear among preschoolers in age,primary caregivers,family structure,family per capita monthly income,CDF treatment,daily oral health education,long-term medication history,first dental experience,oral health knowledge score and parentalDFlevel(P<0.05).And CDF was not correlated with caries in preschool children(P>0.05).Meanwhile,logistic multiple regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of CDF for preschoolers included the primary caregivers,family per capita monthly income,parents’oral health knowledge score and parental DF level.【Conclusion】The preschooler’s dental fear is caused by a variety of reasons,such asprimary caregivers,family per capita monthly income,parents’oral health knowledge score and parental DF level.It needs the joint efforts of children,parents and medical staff to reduce its incidence.