2016—2017年中国各省中小学生电子屏幕使用现状

Screen time among Chinese primary and middle school students from 2016 to 2017

目的了解2016—2017年中国各省(自治区、直辖市)中小学生电子屏幕使用现状。方法数据来自2016—2017年“中国儿童与乳母营养健康监测”调查,采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,在中国31个省(自治区、直辖市)抽取275个监测点,每个监测点抽各随机抽取2所小学、2所初中及1所高中共计73629人(初三、高三除外),调查包括询问调查、医学体检、实验室检测和膳食调查。结果2016—2017年中国中小学生平均每天电子屏幕使用时间为(1.65±1.54)h,M(P25,P75)为1.29(0.58,2.21)h。北京、天津、吉林、福建、广东、海南的中小学生平均每天电子屏幕时间均高于2 h。北京城市和农村、天津农村、河北城市、辽宁农村、吉林农村、福建城市、广东城市、广西城市、海南城市和农村和新疆城市中小学生平均每天电子屏幕时间均超过2 h。此外,北京(Z=2.62,P<0.01)、天津(Z=5.94,P<0.01)、辽宁(Z=11.56,P<0.01)、吉林(Z=-7.59,P<0.01)、上海(Z=3.19,P<0.01)、江苏(Z=12.00,P<0.01)、浙江(Z=-4.80,P<0.01)、安徽(Z=-4.67,P<0.01)、江西(Z=-3.29,P=0.01)和四川(Z=-4.53,P<0.01)农村中小学生屏幕使用时间长于城市(P<0.05)。结论2016—2017年中国各省中小学生平均每天电子屏幕时间和不同类型电子屏幕时间均存在城乡差异。

OBJECTIVE To get a better knowledge of the current situation of screen time among primary and secondary school students in all provinces of China from 2016 to 2017.METHODS Data was from the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Women(2016-2017).275 monitoring points were selected from 31 provinces of China by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling.A total of 280 primary and secondary school students from 2 primary schools,2 junior middle schools and 1 senior high school were randomly selected from each monitoring point to complete the survey.73629 primary and secondary school students(except grade 9 and grade 12)were included in this study.RESULTS From 2016 to 2017,the average daily screen time of Chinese primary and secondary school students was(1.65±1.54)hours,M(P25,P75)was 1.29(0.58,2.21)h.In terms of provinces,the average daily electronic screen time of primary and secondary school students in Beijing,Tianjin,Jilin,Fujian,Guangdong and Hainan is more than 2 hours.In terms of rural and urban areas,the screen time of students in Beijing’s rural and urban areas,Tianjin’s rural areas,Hebei’s urban areas,Liaoning’s rural areas,Jilin’s rural areas,Fujian’s urban areas,Guangdong’s urban areas,Guangxi’s urban areas,Hainan’s rural and urban areas,and Xinjiang’s urban areas all exceeds 2 hours/day.Besides,screen times of rural primary and secondary school students in Beijing(Z=2.62,P<0.01),Tianjin(Z=5.94,P<0.01),Liaoning(Z=11.56,P<0.01),Jilin(Z=-7.59,P<0.01),Shanghai(Z=3.19,P<0.01),Jiangsu(Z=12.00,P<0.01),Zhejiang(Z=-4.80,P<0.01),Anhui(Z=-4.67,P<0.01),Jiangxi(Z=-3.29,P=0.01),and Sichuan(Z=-4.53,P<0.01)are longer than that of urban students.CONCLUSION There are urban-rural differences in the average daily electronic screen time and different types of electronic screen time of primary and secondary school students in China’s provinces from 2016 to 2017.