2018年中国十五省20~59岁居民心血管健康状况及相关因素

Cardiovascular health status and related factors among adults aged 20-59 in 15 provinces of China in 2018

目的评价中国成年人心血管健康状况,并探讨相关因素。方法于2018年采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样的方法选取15个省(自治区、直辖市)5977名20~59岁居民作为研究对象,利用美国心脏协会2022年发布的心血管健康生命八要素的定义,计算8项健康因素的平均分,并按该评分对心血管健康状况进行分类。利用多项logit模型分析人口学特征对心血管健康状况的影响。结果调查对象心血管健康总得分为73.62。对单一因素分析发现,睡眠和身体活动的得分较高,分别为91.69和87.39,血压和膳食得分相对较低,分别为58.88和44.16。聚集性分析发现,8项指标均为满分的人数仅占0.45%,满分指标数量平均为4.22,且20~44岁、女性、大专及以上、城市居民满分指标数量较多。另外,心血管健康状况处于高等、中等和差等的人数分别为35.70%、59.58%和4.72%。多项logit分析结果显示,与心血管健康状况为差等的人相比,45~59岁高年龄组为高等的可能性比20~44岁组降低了66%(95%CI 0.25~0.45);女性为中等和高等分别是男性的9.93倍(95%CI 6.44~15.33)和41.82倍(95%CI 26.87~65.08);中等收入水平者为中等的可能性是低等收入水平者的1.47倍(95%CI 1.07~2.01);居住在南方地区为中等和高等的可能性比北方降低了31%(95%CI 0.53~0.91)和38%(95%CI 0.46~0.82)。结论2018年中国15个省(自治区、直辖市)20~59岁居民心血管健康总体处于中等情况,20~44岁、女性、较高收入者和北方居民心血管健康状况总体较好。

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cardiovascular health status of Chinese adults and explore the related influencing factors.METHODS Adults aged 20-59 from the China Health and Nutrition Survey covering 15 provinces and cities in 2018 were selected as the study subjects.The average score of 8 health factors was calculated using the definition of the“Life’s Essential 8”for cardiovascular health released by the American Heart Association in 2022.Cardiovascular health was classified according to the score.Multinomial logit model was used to analyze the impact of demographic characteristics on cardiovascular health.RESULTS A total of 5977 subjects were included in this study.The total score of cardiovascular health was 73.62.The single factor analysis showed that sleep and physical activity scored higher(91.69 and 87.39,respectively),while blood pressure and diet scored lower(58.88 and 44.16,respectively).Clustering analysis found that only 0.45%of the people with full score of all eight indicators,The average number of full score indicators was 4.22,and the full score indicators were more among 20-44,female,college or above,and urban residents.In addition,the number of people with high,moderate and poor cardiovascular health status were 35.70%,59.58%and 4.72%,respectively.Multinomial logit analysis showed that compared with low cardiovascular health status,the people with high in 45-59 were 66%(95%CI 0.25-0.45)lower than those in 20-44.Women with moderate and high were 9.93(95%CI 6.44-15.33)and 41.82(95%CI 26.87-65.08)times higher than men,respectively.The moderate cardiovascular health of the people with middle income was 1.47(95%CI 1.07-2.01)times higher than those with low income.People in the south with moderate and high were 31%(95%CI 0.53-0.91)and 38%(95%CI 0.46-0.82)lower than those in the north,respectively.CONCLUSION Adults in our country were in the moderate cardiovascular health.People aged 20-44,female,people with higher income and living in the north had better cardiovascular health.