性别视域下的明洪武年间女性土官探析——以西南地区为例

An Analysis of Female Chieftain in Hongwu Reign of the Ming Dynasty from the Perspective of Gender:Taking Southwest China as an Example

明代的土司制度承袭元朝,是管理少数民族地区的一项重要的政治制度。明朝对土官的承袭方式作出了明确的规定,由于少数民族的特殊性,女性在一定条件下可以继任为土官。洪武年间政局甫定,少数民族地区女性土官的设立体现出巩固政权的需要,女性土官对当地历史的发展也做出了重要贡献,中央和地方对于女性土官的双重肯定也使得从性别阕域下重新审视女性的社会地位。

The chieftain system of Ming dynasty inherited from Yuan dynasty is an important political system in the management of minority areas.In the Ming dynasty,the inheritance mode of chieftain was clearly stipulated.Due to the particularity of ethnic minorities,women could succeed to be local officials under certain conditions.During the reign of Hongwu,the establishment of female chieftain in ethnic minority areas showed the need to consolidate the political power.Female chieftain also made important contributions to the development of local history.