2016—2019年安徽省鼠传疾病与鼠密度相关性分析

Correlation between rodent-borne diseases and rodent density in Anhui Province from 2016 to 2019

目的分析安徽省鼠类种群密度季节消长与鼠传疾病发病情况的相关性,为预防和控制鼠传疾病提供依据。方法收集安徽省2016—2019年鼠类种群密度季节消长监测结果和鼠传疾病病例数据,分析鼠传疾病与鼠类密度消长的相关性。结果安徽省2016—2019年共报告鼠传疾病流行性出血热1051例和钩端螺旋体病81例。2016—2019年安徽省共布放有效鼠夹75559只,捕获鼠类326只,平均鼠密度为0.43%。常见鼠种为褐家鼠(56.44%)、小家鼠(31.29%)、黄胸鼠(11.35%)和黑线姬鼠(0.92%)。2016年、2018年和2019年鼠密度呈现单峰曲线,高峰值出现在9月;2017年鼠密度呈现双峰曲线,峰值出现在5月和11月。HFRS发病数与月度鼠密度没有正相关性,钩端螺旋体病发病数与月鼠密度具有中度正相关性(r=0.673,P=0.143)。结论应加强灭鼠工作,防止鼠传疾病的发生与流行。

Objective To analyze the association between the seasonal fluctuation of rodent density and rodent-borne diseases in Anhui Province,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of rodent-borne diseases.Methods The data about seasonal fluctuation of rodent population density and the incidence of the rodent-borne diseases in Anhui Province from 2016 to 2019 were collected,and the correlation between rodent-borne diseases and rodent density was analyzed.Results There were 1051 cases of HFRS and 81 cases of leptospirosis reported in Anhui Province from 2016 to 2019.Totally 75559 effective traps were placed,and 326 rodents were captured in Anhui Province from 2016 to 2019,with the average rodent density of 0.43%.Rattus norvegicus(56.44%),Mus musculus(31.29%),Rattus tanezumi(11.35%)and Apodemus agrarius(0.92%)were the main species.The rodent density dynamics showed a unimodal curve with a peak in September in 2016,2018 and 2019,but a bimodal in 2017 with peaks in May and November.There was not positive correlation between monthly HFRS incidence and monthly rodent density,but moderate positive correlation between monthly leptospirosis incidence and monthly rodent density from 2016 to 2019(r=0.673,P=0.143).Conclusion Rodent control should be strengthened to prevent the occurrence and prevalence of rodent-borne diseases.