河北省住区蝇类监测及标本复核分析

Surveillance and specimen reexamination of flies in residential areas of Hebei Province

目的精准掌握河北省住区蝇类实际侵害状况,为蝇类的科学防治提供依据。方法2015年17个监测点捕获的蝇类标本经复核鉴定,将监测与标本复核结果采用χ^(2)检验、t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验、Wilcoxon W检验等方法进行比较。结果7—9月共收到供复核蝇类标本2554只,隶属8科14亚科28属56种,优势种为家蝇(46.63%)、大头金蝇(14.25%)、丝光绿蝇(5.68%)、棕尾别麻蝇(4.03%)、铜绿蝇(3.88%)和厩腐蝇(3.45%),其他蝇种占19.89%,与同期监测结果差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=485.487,P﹤0.001)。标本复核结果总蝇密度为6.9214只/笼,与同期监测结果差异无统计学意义(W=37.500,P=0.308)。河北省中部海河平原地区捕获蝇种数达36种。不同生境总蝇密度以农贸市场为最高,达到11.33只/笼,与同期监测结果差异无统计学意义(W=10.000,P=0.068),农贸市场、餐饮和居民区优势种为家蝇,绿化带优势种为棕尾别麻蝇和大头金蝇,全年监测结果优势生境亦为农贸市场,不同生境优势种与之相同。7月总蝇密度最高,达到8.20只/笼,与同期监测结果差异无统计学意义(W=6.000,P=0.109),全年峰值亦为7月,各优势种在6—8月间达峰值,与标本复核结果基本一致。结论蝇类重点防治生境为农贸市场,6—8月为防治的关键时期。

Objective To accurately grasp the actual infestation situation of flies in residential areas of Hebei Province,and provide the basis for scientific prevention and control of flies.Methods The flies captured in 17 points in 2015 were reviewed and identified.Chi-square test,t-test,Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon W test were employed to compare the surveillance results and specimen review results.Results A total of 2554 fly specimens were collected for reexamination from July to September,belonging to 8 families,14 subfamilies,28 genera and 56 species.The dominant species was Musca domestica(46.63%),followed by Chrysomya megacephala(14.25%),Lucilia sericata(5.68%),Boettcherisca peregrina(4.03%),L.cuprina(3.88%)and Muscina stabulans(3.45%),and other species accounted for 19.89%,which was significantly different from the surveillance results in the same period(χ^(2)=485.487,P﹤0.001).The total density was 6.9214 flies per cage,without significantly different from the surveillance results(W=37.500,P=0.308).Thirty six fly species were captured in the Haihe Plain,central of Hebei Province.The highest total fly density among habitats,11.33 flies per cage,took place in the farmers’markets,which was not significantly different from the surveillance results in the same period(W=10.000,P=0.068).M.domestica was the dominant species in the farmers’market,catering and residential areas,while B.peregrina and C.megacephala in the green belts,the annual dominant habitat was also the farmers’markets,and the dominant species in different habitats were the same.The density of flies peaked in July,8.20 flies per cage,which was not significantly different from the surveillance results in the same period(W=6.000,P=0.109).The annual peak was also in July.The dominant species peaked between June and August,basically consistent with the results of specimen reexamination.Conclusion Farmers’markets are key places for fly control,and the time from June to August is important for the control work.