四川省蟑螂密度监测及德国小蠊抗药性调查

Surveillance on cockroach density and insecticide resistance of Blattella germanica in Sichuan Province

目的了解四川省蟑螂密度、种群构成及优势种德国小蠊对常用化学杀虫剂的抗药性水平,为科学开展德国小蠊的综合防治提供科学依据。方法2019—2021年在四川省8个市采用粘捕法进行蟑螂密度监测。2021年采用药膜法,获得德国小蠊对常用杀虫剂的抗性水平。结果2019—2021年共粘捕蟑螂26705只,平均密度为0.92只/张,德国小蠊为优势种,占捕蟑总数的97.35%。蟑螂在全年均有活动,季节消长变化趋势呈单峰曲线,活动峰值在每年的7—9月出现。不同监测生境中,密度相差较大,以农贸市场和餐饮环境密度较高。成都、自贡、攀枝花、德阳、绵阳、广元、宜宾、雅安8地野外品系对溴氰菊酯的抗性倍数分别为3.69、51.15、3.85、10.33、18.14、1.70、0.89、2.64;对残杀威的抗性倍数分别为1.29、0.73、2.88、1.99、1.19、0.45、1.47、1.63;对敌敌畏的抗性倍数分别为0.79、1.87、2.68、1.98、1.12、1.34、1.03、1.35。结论四川省8个市的蟑螂优势种为德国小蠊,自贡、绵阳、德阳的德国小蠊野外种群对溴氰菊酯的抗性水平达高抗。德国小蠊的防治应采取综合防治策略,并科学施用杀虫剂。

Objective To investigate the cockroach density,population composition and resistance level of Blattella germanica in Sichuan Province,so as to provide scientific basis for the comprehensive control of B.germanica.Methods The sticky trap method was used for cockroach density investigation in 8 cities from 2019 to 2021.The resistance of B.germanica to commonly used insecticides was obtained by residual film method in 2021.Results From 2019 to 2021,a total of 26705 cockroaches were trapped.The average density was 0.92 cockroaches per sheet.B.germanica was the dominant species,accounting for 97.35%.Cockroaches were active throughout the whole year.The seasonal fluctuation trend showed a single peak curve,and the peak activity occured from July to September every year.The density varied greatly in different monitoring habitats,and the density of cockroaches in the farmers markets and catering environment was higher.The resistance ratios of field populations in Chengdu,Zigong,Panzhihua,Deyang,Mianyang,Guangyuan,Yibin and Ya’an were 3.69,51.15,3.85,10.33,18.14,1.70,0.89 and 2.64 to deltamethrin.1.29,0.73,2.88,1.99,1.19,0.45,1.47 and 1.63 to propoxur and 0.79,1.87,2.68,1.98,1.12,1.34,1.03 and 1.35 to dichlorvos.Conclusion The dominant species of cockroaches is B.germanica in 8 cities of Sichuan Province.The field populations of B.germanica in Zigong,Mianyang and Deyang evolved high resistance to deltamethrin.B.germanica should be controlled with comprehensive control strategy and scientifically insecticide application.