2018—2020年辽宁省蟑螂监测分析

Cockroaches surveillance from 2018 to 2020 in Liaoning Province

目的了解辽宁省蟑螂种群构成和侵害情况,为科学制定蟑螂防控方案提供依据。方法2018—2020年在辽宁省14个市采用粘捕法,选择居民、宾馆、餐饮、超市、医院、农贸市场等6类场所为监测点。结果共捕获蟑螂20047只,密度为0.52只/张,侵害率为7.73%,优势种群为德国小蠊,占捕获总数的98.05%。不同生境蟑螂监测密度、侵害率相差较大,农贸市场和超市远高于其他生境。全省各监测点蟑螂密度以鞍山、营口和铁岭相对较高,丹东、锦州和阜新蟑螂密度相对较低;蟑螂侵害率以葫芦岛最高,大连和丹东蟑螂侵害率相对较低。蟑螂密度季节消长变化趋势2018年呈双峰曲线,2019年和2020年呈单峰曲线;蟑螂侵害率季节消长变化趋势2018年呈单峰曲线,2019年和2020年呈双峰曲线,蟑螂密度和侵害率的最高峰均分布在7—9月。结论初步掌握了辽宁省蟑螂种群构成、密度及季节消长情况。

Objective To understand the population composition and infestation of cockroaches in Liaoning Province,so as to provide the basis for scientific formulation of cockroaches control programs.Methods The cockroach investigation was carried out with sticky trap method in 14 cities of Liaoning Province from 2018 to 2020.Residents,hotels,restaurants,supermarkets,hospitals and farm product markets were selected as the monitoring points.Results A total of 20047 cockroaches were captured,with the density of 0.52 insects per paper and the infestation rate of 7.73%.Blattella germanica was the dominant population,accounting for 98.05%.The density and infestation rate of cockroaches were significantly different among habitats,higher in farm product markets and supermarkets.The densities of cockroaches in Anshan,Yingkou and Tieling were relatively high,while those in Dandong,Jinzhou and Fuxin were relatively low.The cockroach infestation rate in Huludao was the highest,while those in Dalian and Dandong were relatively low.The seasonal fluctuation trend of cockroach density showed a double peak curve in 2018,and a single peak curve in 2019 and 2020.The seasonal fluctuation trend of cockroach infestation rate showed a single peak curve in 2018,and a double peaks curve in 2019 and 2020.The peaks of cockroach density and infestation rate occurred between July and September.Conclusion The population composition,density and seasonal fluctuation of cockroaches in Liaoning Province were preliminarily mastered.