中国内蒙古及东北地区猎狗饲养员莱姆病流行病学调查

Epidemiological survey of Lyme disease among hound breeders in Inner Mongolia and the northeast area of China

目的探讨中国内蒙古及东北地区猎狗饲养员患莱姆病的基本情况,为防控莱姆病流行和临床诊治莱姆病提供一定的参考依据。方法从中国内蒙古及东北地区与狗密切接触人群选取94名,分为猎狗饲养员组(hound breeder group,HBG)和流浪狗救助站员工组(staff team of street dog rescue station,STSDRS),每组共47名。对其进行基础问题问卷调查(包括人口学调查以及蜱类相关环境接触史调查)以及抽血采样调查,运用酶联免疫检测技术(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA),检测研究对象人免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G,IgG)和/或免疫球蛋白M(immunoglobulin M,IgM)与莱姆病血清学之间的相关性。结果从人口学上看,莱姆病的流行与年龄(P=0.48)和性别(P=0.17)无关系;从蜱类相关环境接触史上看,STSDRS中42人(89.36%)在过去5年内否认存在蜱类相关环境接触史或莱姆病患病史,HBG中24人(51.06%)在过去5年内发生蜱类相关环境接触史或莱姆病患病史(95%CI:1.04~87.29,P=0.0411)。结论中国内蒙古及东北地区猎狗饲养员存在较高莱姆病患病风险,当地相关部门需加强猎狗饲养员行业莱姆病的防控,尽可能降低莱姆病患病风险。

Objective To investigate the basic situation of Lyme disease in hunting dog breeders in Inner Mongolia and northeast China,so as to provide reference for prevention and control of Lyme disease and clinical diagnosis and treatment of Lyme disease.Methods A total of 94 subjects who were in close contact with dogs from Inner Mongolia and northeastern China were included in the study and divided into Hound Breeder Group(HBG)and Staff Team of Street Dog Rescue Station(STSDRS),with a total of 47 subjects in each group.Basic questionnaires(including demographic surveys and tick-related environmental exposure history)and blood samples were collected,and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to test the correlation between human immunoglobulin G(IgG)and/or immunoglobulin M(IgM)and Lyme disease serology.Results Demography showed that the prevalence of Lyme disease had no relationship with age(P=0.48)and gender(P=0.17).As for the history of tick-related environmental exposure,42 subjects(89.36%)of STSDRS and 24 subjects(51.06%)of HBG denied any tick-related environmental exposure or Lyme disease history in the past 5 years(95%CI:1.04-87.29,P=0.0411,respectively).Conclusion Hound breeders in Inner Mongolia and northeast China have a high risk of Lyme disease.Relevant local departments should strengthen the prevention and control of Lyme disease in the retriever breeder industry to reduce the risk of Lyme disease as much as possible.