聚二甲基硅氧烷液态防蚊膜在实验室条件下对白纹伊蚊幼虫防治效果的研究

Control efficacy of polydimethylsiloxane liquid film on Aedes albopictus larvae under laboratory conditions

目的探索聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)液态防蚊膜在实验室条件下对白纹伊蚊的防治效果,以及对鲫鱼苗的影响。方法在实验室条件下,以不同剂量的PDMS液态防蚊膜作用于不同龄期的白纹伊蚊幼虫,观察蚊幼死亡情况、发育情况等;同时观察对鲫鱼苗的影响。结果PDMS液态防蚊膜在水面可以快速扩散,并形成均匀液态膜薄层;在推荐剂量1 ml/m^(2)作用下72 h后,白纹伊蚊Ⅲ、Ⅳ龄幼虫杀灭率均可达到96.7%,96 h均达到100%;相同观察时间下,液态防蚊膜对Ⅰ、Ⅱ龄白纹伊蚊幼虫的杀灭作用敏感性略低,但可以致其发育明显减缓;液态防蚊膜使用2个月后,对Ⅲ、Ⅳ龄幼虫的杀灭率依然可以达到90%以上。对鲫鱼苗无明显影响。结论白纹伊蚊幼虫对PDMS液态膜的敏感性随着龄期的增大而升高,经后期现场进一步效果验证后,值得推广和使用。

Objective To evaluate the control efficacy of polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)liquid film on Aedes albopictus larvae and the influence on crucian fry.Methods Under laboratory conditions,the different instar larvae of Aedes albopictus,crucian fry were treated with different dosage of PDMS liquid film,and their mortality rate and developing status were observed.Results The PDMS liquid films spread spontaneously and rapidly over a surface and create a uniform,approximately one-molecule ultrathin layer.Late-instar larvae(Ⅲ-Ⅳ)of Aedes albopictus were highly susceptible to the presence of PDMS film,and their mortality rate could reach 96.7%72 h later and 100%96 h later under the recommended dose of 1 ml/m^(2).Under the same exposure duration of PDMS film,the susceptibility of early-instar larvae(Ⅰ-Ⅱ)were slightly lower,but the film could significantly slow down their development.Two months after the application,the film could still kill 90%of late-instar larvae(Ⅲ-Ⅳ).PDMS showed no obvious effect on crucian fry.Conclusion The susceptibility of Aedes albopictus larvae to PDMS film increases with ages.The field evaluation test is needed for further generalization.