人用炭疽疫苗的研究进展

Advances in anthrax vaccine for human use

炭疽疫苗可预防炭疽芽孢杆菌所引起的疾病,暴露前预防可降低发病率,暴露后预防可降低病死率,也可大面积人群接种预防炭疽芽孢生物战剂。现有的炭疽疫苗均有其局限性,难以评价副作用。现就目前处于研究阶段的改良炭疽疫苗,包括佐剂疫苗、重组疫苗、第二代炭疽杆菌减毒活疫苗、亚单位疫苗、近铁转运蛋白疫苗以及联合疫苗作一综述,为新疫苗的研制提供参考。

The anthrax vaccine can prevent diseases caused by Bacillus anthracis,before the exposure it is to reduce the incidence in prevention,after exposure it is to reduce the mortality in prevention.A large populated area could be in relation to vaccination against bio-terrorism from anthracnose.The resulted side effects are in difficult to evaluation because the existing anthrax vaccines all have limitations.This article focuses on the improved anthrax vaccine,including adjuvant vaccines,recombinant vaccines,second-generation live anthrax spore attenuated vaccines,subunit vaccines,near iron transporter vaccines and combined vaccines.It provides a reference in development of new vaccines for human use in this field.