植入式脑机接口技术的发展历程与趋势

Development history and trend of implantable brain-machine interface

作为代表着脑科学研究成果重要转化落地方向的脑机接口技术,近两年成为社会关注的热点。尤其以Neuralink公司为代表的高集成度的先进脑机接口设备系统的研发,正在快速提升植入式脑机接口技术在植入电极数量和获取的脑神经信息量等方面的表现。高通量脑机接口硬软件作为脑机接口应用的底层技术,支撑着脑机接口多种可能应用场景的实现。本文将从植入式脑机接口的原理、系统实现与场景应用的角度,在神经信号采集、解码和效应执行等各层面分别做简单介绍。

The Brain-machine interface(BMI)technology representing one outstanding direction of the translational neuroscience has drawn a lot of social attention in the past couple years.Particularly the research and development of advanced highly integrated BMI equipment is rapidly breaking through the bottleneck of implanted BMI technology in neural information acquisition and implantation procedure.The high-throughput BMI hardware as the foundation of BMI supports the realization of various possible application scenarios.This paper will briefly introduce the principle,system implementation and application scenario from the aspects of neural signal acquisition,decoding and effector execution.