无人机空中交通管理体系架构研究

Research on UAS Air Traffic Management System Architecture

为解决无人机数量的快速增长导致其在地面及空中运行风险的提升,提高空域的利用率,减少无人机与其他航空器造成的冲突,需针对无人机制定特定的空中交通管理体系。然而,现阶段无人机空中交通管理仍处于初步设计论证阶段,未生成统一明确的管理体系。作者首先对无人机空中交通管理概念进行介绍。其次,对各国无人机空中交通管理体系框架进行分析,找到系统架构的共性与差异性。第三,对无人机空中交通管理关键问题(空域设置,运行风险评估,电子围栏)进行研究,得出不同国家现阶段的研究方案。最后,基于现阶段无人机空中交通管理体系研究的基础上对未来发展做出展望,分析未来无人机空中交通管理研究方向。通过对各国的无人机交通管理体系进行分析研究,有利于完善我国无人机空中交通体系,为我国无人机管理体系架构研究提出理论参考。

In order to solve the problem that the rapid growth of the number of UAVs has led to the increase in the risks of their operations on the ground and in the air,to increase the utilization of airspace,and to reduce the conflicts between UAVs and other aircraft,it is necessary to develop a specific air traffic management system for UAVs.However,at this stage,UAV air traffic management is still in the preliminary design and demonstration stage,and a unified and clear management system has not been generated.This article first introduces the concept of UAV air traffic management.Secondly,analyze the framework of the UAV air traffic management system of various countries to find the commonalities and differences of the system architecture.Third,conduct research on key issues of UAV air traffic management(airspace setting,operational risk assessment,electronic fence),and draw current research plans in different countries.Finally,based on the current research on the UAV air traffic management system,aprospect is made for the future development,and the future research direction of UAV air traffic management is analyzed.Through the analysis and research on the UAV traffic management system of various countries,it is helpful to improve my country’s UAV air traffic system and put forward a theoretical reference for the research of my country’s UAV management system architecture.