基于多阶段博弈的轻量化物联网区块链模型研究

Research of Lightweight Blockchain Model Based on Multi-Stage Game in the Internet of Things

“云-边-端”新架构物联网中,数据安全问题凸显。而区块链技术被视为极具潜力的候选方案,在开放的互联网实现了数据的多方共识、隐私保护。但是,其高损耗的无序竞争模式,低效率的无信任机制,导致其无法在物联网资源受限环境下应用。本文提出一种多阶段博弈优化模型,通过物联网节点状态感知和排序过程避免恶性竞争,异步验证过程积累可信度,轻量化激励和优选节点。基于端边云协同优化,实现数据块循环再生机制,减少验证工作量,并且基于博弈论的效用函数,设计多角色智能协同机制,进入相对稳定的动态平衡状态。最后,开展仿真实验验证,并构建物联网区块链原型系统。实验结果表明,轻量化的共识和验证处理提高了效能和适应性。

In the“cloud-edge-end”new architecture of the Internet of Things(IoT),the challenges of data protection are highlighted.Blockchain technology is regarded as a potential candidate,which realizes the multi-party consensus and privacy protection of data on the open network.However,its high-loss disordered competition mode and low-efficiency trustless mechanism make it impossible to apply in the resource-constrained environment of the IoT.This paper proposes an evolutionary multi-stage game optimization model,which avoids vicious competition through the intelligent perception and sorting,accumulates credibility through asynchronous verification,and positively motivates the preferred nodes.In particular,based on the end-edge-cloud collaborative optimization,the model realizes the data block recycling to reduce the workload of verification.Based on the utility function,it designs a multi-role intelligent collaboration to make the best use of the things.Finally,simulations and a IoT blockchain testbed are built.The experimental results show that the lightweight consensus and verification processing improves efficiency and adaptability.