景迈山申遗进程中世居民族的文化认同与主体实践——以文化自觉推动铸牢中华民族共同体意识

Cultural Identity and Subject Practice of the Resident Ethnic Group in the Process of Jingmai Mountain’s Application for World Heritage——Promoting the Consciousness of the Chinese National Community through Cultural Consciousness

文化自觉是少数民族从文化无意识到对本民族蕴含的优秀传统文化认知的觉醒过程,这一过程中民族文化与民族身份得以确认,形成观照中华民族共同体意识的新文化空间共识。突破传统的由政府行政力量介入,当地居民边缘化的文化遗产开发悖论,景迈山申遗进程中整合兼顾官方、社会资本、基层等多重力量,依托横向与纵向的组织,询唤出景迈山布朗族、傣族等少数民族对自身民族文化的认同,以世居民族内生性的力量成为申遗主体,在文化实践中将申遗嵌入少数民族社会内部结构。本文在观念上将申遗作为手段促进民族文化共同体的深度链接,关注世居民族同文化景观的深层互动,在共构的文化信仰中推动茶文化成为中国文化、世界表达的象征性符号。这对推动中华优秀文化遗产走向世界、推进景迈山文化遗产建设、维护边疆区域稳定乃至文化治理视域下的乡村振兴建设具有重要的借鉴和启发意义,是铸牢中华民族共同体意识的实践典范。

Cultural consciousness is the process of ethnic minorities’awakening from cultural unconsciousness to their own excellent traditional cultural cognition.In this process,national culture and national identity are confirmed,and a new cultural space consensus is formed to reflect the consciousness of the Chinese national community.Breaking through the traditional paradox of the development of cultural heritage involving the intervention of government administrative forces and the marginalization of local residents,Jingmai Mountain has integrated and balanced multiple forces such as official,social capital and grassroots forces in the process of applying for heritage status.Relying on horizontal and vertical organizations,Jingmai Mountain Bulang,Dai and other ethnic minorities have been called out for their identity of their own national culture,and become the main body of applying for heritage status with the inherent strength of the resident ethnic groups.In cultural practice,the application for world heritage is embedded in the internal structure of minority society.This case conceptually takes the apply for world heritage works as a means to promote the deep link of the national cultural community,pays attention to the deep interaction between the resident nation and the cultural landscape,and promotes tea culture to become a symbolic symbol of Chinese culture and world expression in the common cultural belief.This has important reference and enlightening significance for promoting Chinese excellent cultural heritage to the world,promoting the construction of Jingmai Mountain cultural heritage,maintaining the stability of border regions and even the rural revitalization construction under the perspective of cultural governance,and is a practical model of promoting the consciousness of the Chinese national community.