规模经济与国有艺术表演团体效率的增进:来自文化部门管理的京剧院团的证据

Economies of Scale and Advancement of the Efficiency of State-Owned Performing Arts Organizations:Evidences from Cultural Department's Managed Bejing Opera Organizations

本文在介绍鲍莫尔关于艺术表演领域的规模经济理论,并把经济学家关于工业、制造业规模经济的根源研究推衍至艺术表演领域后,使用我国文化部门管理的国有京剧院团1996—2019年的时间序列数据,证明规模经济理论也适用于中国艺术表演产业。改革开放以来,面对国内京剧观众群体的持续萎缩,文化管理部门以及国有京剧院团通过裁减院团和雇员以压缩供给,从而得以在保持规模经济的基础上再建供求平衡。国有京剧院团的改革,需要多演戏,演好戏,培养京剧观众,以优质充沛的供给创造并扩大社会对京剧的需求,通过扩大规模经济效益扭转京剧衰落的趋势。

After reviewing Baomol's argument about economies of seale in performing arts,and extending economic theory about the determinants of economies of scale in industries to performing arts,we utilize the 1996-2019 time series data of stated-owned Beijing opera organizations to show the applicability of scale economy to the Chinese case.During the reforms era,faced with a shrinking size of audiences,or demand,for Beiing opera,China's cultural administration and,to a lesser degress,Beijing opera organizations,have reduced the number of state-owned Beijing opera organizations and their employees in order to rebuild the balance between the supply of and demand for Beijing opera.This,in turn,indicates the possibility to reverse the declining tendency of Beijing opera by pursing a supply created-demand approach to encourage and even compel existing state-owned Beijing opera organizations to increase their annual performances with better quality.