中东铁路竣工后沙俄对中国东北森林资源的掠夺及其历史影响

Russia's Persistent Exploitation of Forest Resources in Northeast China after Completion of Middle East Railway

1903年7月中东铁路竣工后,俄方为了继续获取经济利益,援引该铁路章程所赋予的种种特权,对中东铁路沿线两侧的森林资源继续展开疯狂的盗采与运销。清政府经多次交涉,中东铁路公司才于1907年8月30日和1908年4月,先后与中方续订了《吉林木植合同》及《黑龙江铁路公司伐木合同》,其中部分条款尽管为中方争回了些许经济权益,但中东铁路两侧包括东线林场、西线林场及岔林河林场的森林采伐权,均被中东铁路公司和诸多俄商所攫夺。

From the 19th century to the turn of the 20th century,in order to control the sphere of influence in northeastern china,czar built the Middle East Railway and the South Manchuria Railway line and the brigadier port on the basis of the unequal treaty between China and Russia and the treaty of concession and the joint eastern railway company contract.To this end,the forest resources in China along the Middle East Railway began to be harvested,consumed and plundered in huge quantities,causing serious damage to the forest ecology in northeast China.After the completion of the Middle East Railway in July 1903,the Russian side continued its frenzied exploitation and sale of forest resources on both sides of the Middle East Railway in order to continue to gain economic benefits,invoking the privileges granted by the statute of the Railway.Although the Qing government made many representations,the Middle East Railway Company renewed the Ji-tree planting contract and the Heilongjiang Railway Company logging contract with China on August 30,1907and April 1908,respectively.