古代埃及阿蒙贞女研究

Studies on the Divine Adoratrice of Amun in Ancient Egypt

阿蒙贞女是底比斯阿蒙神庙中的重要官职,出现于国力衰微、政治动荡的第三中间期,是王权与神权在博弈中相互妥协的产物。国王任命自己的女儿或姊妹以终身不婚的形式担任阿蒙贞女,旨在通过阿蒙贞女代表国王监督和制衡底比斯神庙的权力。本文通过考察阿蒙贞女在神庙中的宗教、政治和经济作用,尝试为全面了解该官职、思考古代埃及后期的王权与神权关系提供新视角。

Divine adoratrice of Amun was an important official position in the temple of Amun in Thebes,which appeared in the decline of national strength and political turbulence in the third intermediate period.It was the product of the mutual compromise between the kingship and theocracy.The king appointed his own daughter or sister in the form of life-long unmarried to be divine adoratrice of Amun in order to represent the king to supervise and balance the power of the temple of Thebes.This article analyzes the status of the divine adoratrice of Amun in religion,politics and economy fields,and attempts to provide a new perspective for the comprehensive understanding of this position and the consideration of the relationship between kingship and theocracy in the later period of ancient Egypt.