忙碌感研究评述:概念、机制与展望

A Literature Review on Busyness: Conception,Mechanism and Future Research Directions

忙碌感是一种主观心理感知,指人们依据其所处的社会规范和期望对自己近期的忙碌工作状态进行评估后产生的主观心理感知。在当前“全民皆忙”的时代背景下,忙碌感对个体的组织行为、消费行为的影响更加值得学术界关注。首先,本文系统地回顾了忙碌感的研究成果,分别阐释了忙碌感在社会学、认知心理学与消费心理学领域的内涵解释,并提出了忙碌感效价这一概念。其次,本文结合现有的忙碌感相关研究成果系统地归纳了忙碌感前因及对个体行为和组织行为的具体影响效应和内在机制。最后,本文认为未来关于忙碌感的研究可以聚焦于以下两个方面:一是探索忙碌感效价与个体行为之间的关系,例如探索忙碌感效价与决策行为之间的关系。二是探索消费者感知不同效价的忙碌感与其消费行为之间关系,例如探索积极忙碌感与“面子消费”行为之间的关系、消极忙碌感与“减速消费”行为之间的关系。

Busyness refers to a kind of subjective psychological perception which is generated from people’s evaluation of their recent busy work status according to their current social norms and expectations. In recent years, the development of technology and the accumulation of material capital have not liberated the Chinese people from busy labor. They are more busy than before, from “social livestock” to “996” and then to “working for others”. These hot words on the screen show that busyness is the main state and label of Chinese people at present. At the same time, theorists have carried out a lot of research on the antecedent and outcome variables of busyness, and it is time to systematically sort out and summarize them.This paper systematically combs the relevant academic achievements of the existing busyness research, and is committed to integrating and summarizing them to form a systematic busyness research framework, so as to provide a more comprehensive and complete busyness summary system and guiding reference for future readers and scholars in the field of busyness. Firstly, this paper illustrates the concept of busyness, clarifies the difference between busyness and related concepts, and puts forward the concept of busyness valence. Secondly, this paper sorts out the antecedent and outcome variables of busyness in detail, and systematically integrates the existing research context of busyness from the two aspects of influencing factors and results. Thirdly, this paper sorts out a series of action mechanisms of busyness. Finally, future research on busyness can focus on the following aspects: One is exploring the relationship between busyness valence and individual behavior, such as the relationship between busyness valence and decision-making behavior. The other is exploring the relationship between consumers’ perception of busyness and their consumption behaviors, such as the relationship between positive busyness and “face consumption” behavior, and the relationship between negative busyness and“slow consumption” behavior.On the basis of reviewing the relevant literature on busyness, this paper constructs an integrated analysis framework of busyness research, and theoretically discusses the connotation, antecedents,consequences and internal interpretation mechanism of busyness. On the one hand, this paper highlights the importance of busyness in the fields of organizational behavior, individual decision-making and consumer behavior, which helps to provide a clear research framework for follow-up researchers. At the same time, it puts forward the concept of busyness valence, which provides a new research direction for the follow-up research on busyness. On the other hand, the integration analysis framework of busyness provides important managerial suggestions. For example, enterprises can dig out the ways of employee motivation from the influence mechanism of busyness on organizational behavior.