专利间接侵权制度专门化研究

On Specialized Regime for Indirect Infringement of Patents

专利间接侵权业已成为专利立法中最具争议的问题之一。我国虽然已在立法上取得突破,但采用共同侵权规则应对间接侵权问题,不仅难以逾越构成要件层面的差异,也无法满足间接侵权独立化的现实需求。《专利解释(二)》的适用积累了一定的专利间接侵权司法经验,但是在专用物品、间接行为和直接侵权三个要件上仍有诸多亟待纠正之处。网络服务提供者的专利间接侵权责任不属于替代责任,且在主观要件上异于传统专利间接侵权。专利侵权的特殊性使得专利避风港规则必须得到专门设计,从必要措施的重构出发尝试规则的全面优化。在上述三大障碍得到充分解决的基础上,我国应当进而构建专利间接侵权的专门化制度。

The indirect infringement of patents has become one of the most controversial issues in patent legislation.Despite certain legislative progress,Chinas approach of applying joint tort when dealing with indirect infringement cases is not only hindered by various differences in terms of constituting elements,but also troubled by the inability of achieving an independence of indirect infringement regime.The application of the Patent Interpretation(II)has accumulated some judicial experience of patent indirect infringement,but there are still many problems to be corrected in the constituting elements of specific goods,indirect behaviors and direct infringements.The indirect infringement of patents liability of internet service providers differentiates from a conventional vicarious liability,whereas its constitution of mentality diverges from regular patent indirect infringement.The particularity of patent infringement requires the patent safe harbor to be specifically designed,and then be improved through the reconstruction of"necessary measures".Chinas specialized indirect infringement of patents regime shall then be established upon the clearance of the abovementioned major obstacles.