山东临淄东古城村北遗址西周墓(M4040)发掘简报

The Excavation of the Tomb M4040 of the Western Zhou Dynasty at North of Donggucheng Village in Linzi, Shandong

2016年夏,山东省文物考古研究所、上海大学文学院在山东临淄东古城村北遗址发掘了一批西周至战国时期遗存。其中M4040为西周时期中型贵族墓,随葬器物较为丰富。该墓形制为长方形竖穴土坑,墓坑下部有生土二层台和壁龛,葬具为一椁一棺。随葬器物有铜器、陶器、石器等,其中铜器有礼器爵、觯各一件。墓葬发现有人牲、羊牲、殉人、殉狗现象。根据墓葬形制、丧葬习俗及出土器物判断,M4040可能为西周初年殷遗民的墓葬,墓主可能为中小贵族。东古城M4040南邻临淄齐故城,该墓的发现为研究临淄齐故城的性质提供了重要资料。

An excavation was carried out by the Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and College of Liberal Arts,Shanghai University on the site to the north of Donggucheng village in Linzi,Shandong Province in the summer of 2016.It shed light on remains dating from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Warring States Period.Tomb M4040,dates from the Western Zhou Dynasty,and is a medium sized elite tomb that was filled with rich burial objects.This tomb was a single shaft of rectangular shape,and the terrace and niche were built in the lower part of the shaft.One inner coffin and one outer coffin were found.The burial objects were made from a variety of materials,including bronze,pottery,and stone.The ritual bronze objects include a jue and a zhi wine vessel.Human and sheep sacrifices were identified from the traces.A human and two dogs had also been buried alive in this tomb.Based on the type of the tomb,the burial custom,and objects found,M4040 was the tomb of a Shang descendant dating to the early Western Zhou Dynasty.The owner of the tomb would have been from the middle or lower elite class.M4040 found at Donggucheng was close to the capital Linzi of the Qi State in the south,and the discovery of this tomb provided important information for the study of Linzi City of the Qi State.