美国舞谱局及其拉班舞谱收藏

Dance Notation Bureau and Its Collection of Labanotation Scores

本文旨在介绍美国舞谱局的历史、活动以及舞谱的价值。美国舞谱局是世界上为数不多的致力于通过舞谱记录和保存舞蹈遗产的机构之一。美国舞谱局采用拉班舞谱体系作为主要记录方法。美国舞谱局的档案中存有许多重要编舞家的舞谱,例如乔治·巴兰钦、瓦斯拉夫·尼金斯基、安东尼·都铎、杰罗姆·罗宾斯、玛莎·格雷厄姆、多丽丝·韩福瑞、何塞·利蒙、默西·坎宁安、保罗·泰勒、威廉·福赛斯和马克·莫里斯等。80年来,美国舞谱局收到了10000多份舞谱捐赠。运用这些舞谱创编的舞蹈在世界各地的舞台上都可以看到,尤其是历史舞蹈。这样还可以让观众意识到,编舞不仅让他们得以重温历史,而且,有许多作品如今仍很有生命力。最后,本文分析了不通过视频记录保存舞蹈遗产的原因。

The aim of this article is to introduce the history and activities of the Dance Notation Bureau(DNB)and the values of dance notation.The DNB is one of the few institutions in the world dedicated to the documentation and preservation of dances by using notation.The DNB uses Rudolf Laban’s notation system as its primary method for documentation.The DNB archive houses scores from important choreographers,such as George Balanchine,Vaslav Nijinsky,Antony Tudor,Jerome Robbins,Martha Graham,Doris Humphrey,JoséLimón,Merce Cunningham,Paul Taylor,William Forsythe,and Mark Morris,to name a few.In its 80-year life span,the DNB has acquired more than 10,000 donated scores through the generosity of notation practitioners.Using these scores in staging allows choreography,especially historical dances,to be seen all over the world.More importantly,it makes the audience aware that choreography not only ref lects the events or incidents that happened in the past,but many works are also present in today’s world.The reasons for not using video recording as preservation method is discussed in the end.