中国的傩戏对日本能乐和朝鲜假面戏剧的影响

A Study on the Influence of Chinese Nuo Opera on Japanese Noh and Korean Mask Drama

本文在研究中国、朝鲜和日本三个国家假面戏剧的发展基础上,发现中国傩戏的影响范围波及日本、朝鲜,并推动了日本假面戏剧能乐的诞生。此外,还通过描写朝鲜宫廷举行的大傩仪式和杨州别山台戏的假面表演来说明朝鲜的假面戏剧的主要内容包括祭神舞蹈与世俗剧,其风格已经向世俗化、宽主题、多形式的方向发展。最后通过横向比较中国、朝鲜和日本的假面样式而证明日本7世纪初出现的伎乐和舞乐所使用的假面也是从中国传来。

Based on studies of Nuo drama(mask drama)in China,Korea,and Japan,this paper analyzes the forms of mask drama after the Song Dynasty in China,and concludes that Chinese Nuo drama has spread to Japan and Korea,and led to the birth of Japanese mask drama Noh.This paper also describes the performance of Korean mask drama in court rituals and Yangju Beisan theatre to demonstrate the main content of the worship of gods and secular drama performances.Mask drama in Korea has secularized,taken multiple forms,and extended the portfolio of themes.Finally,through a horizontal comparison of Chinese,Korean and Japanese mask patterns,the paper concludes that the masks used in dance and music performance in Japan in the early seventh century also came from China.