记忆的符号:“日本舞蹈”的多维身份建构

Symbol of Memory: Multidimensional Identity Construction of Japanese Dance

狭义的"日本舞蹈"通常是指裂变于日本歌舞伎的一种舞蹈样式。就空间场域而言,作为20世纪初日本"新舞蹈运动"的核心目标与最大成果,"日本舞蹈"成为本民族形象的寄托;就历史脉络而言,日本艺能传承过程中所具有的"重层性"使它可以将血缘追溯回其歌舞伎母体,时间的蓄积让它获得了古典身份。如此,"日本舞蹈"在时空的双重维度中建构起较为立体与明确的身份。及至近年,其又转而退隐为一种文化符码,成为具有美学意味的追忆对象。本文将从日本歌舞伎母体所遗传的古典身份、日本"新舞蹈运动"所赋予的民族身份、当代观众记忆所渴望的文化符码这三个方面,对"日本舞蹈"的多维身份建构进行论述。

Japanese dance in the narrow sense refers to a dance style derived from Japanese Kabuki.In the dimension of space,as the biggest achievement of the Japanese"new dance movement"in the early 20 th century,Japanese dance has become a major pillar of the image of the nation;in the historical dimension,Japanese art has the tradition of"layer accumulation,"enabling it to trace the"blood"of Japanese dance back to its Kabuki"mother",and the accumulation offers clues to its classical identity.In this way,Japanese dance constructs a clear identity in the dual dimensions oftime and space.In recent years,it has become a cultural code and has become an object of aesthetic memory.This paper reviews the multi-dimensional identity of Japanese dance from three aspects:the classical identity inherited from Japanese Kabuki,the national image created by the Japanese"new dance movement,"and the cultural code of remembrance for the contemporary audience.