从修辞术到戴上谐剧面具的哲学对话体:路吉阿诺斯的转向

Lukianos’s Shift from Rhetoric to Philosophical Dialogue with a Comedian Mask

路吉阿诺斯在其作品《双重审判》中曾借叙利亚人之口自述了自己的转向,即从修辞术转向了哲学之子——对话体。但这一对话体又与旧谐剧相结合,形成了特殊的谐剧对话体。路吉阿诺斯为什么要抛弃修辞术,转向哲学对话体呢?这一哲学对话体又是为何,以及如何戴上了谐剧面具?这其中揭示了路吉阿诺斯时代修辞术教育和哲学学派的社会状况,也体现了路吉阿诺斯对于修辞术和哲学的辨析。在此基础上,路吉阿诺斯选择了自己的创作道路,成为我们所熟知的讽刺大师,为后世诸多讽刺大家所师法。

In his work Double Indictment,Lucian described his shift from rhetoric to dialogue,the son of philosophy.The dialogue was combined with the old comedy.Why did Lucian abandon rhetoric and turn to philosophical dialogue?Why and how does this philosophical dialogue put on the mask of comedy?This reveals the rhetorical education and the social situation of philosophy at that time,and also reflects Lucian’s discrimination of rhetoric and philosophy.On the basis of this consideration,Lucian chose his own way of writing and became a well-known satirical writer,who was imitated by many later writers.