从人性论到民众剧——梅西耶戏剧思想探源

From Discussion of Human Nature to People’s Theater:Study on Philosophical Sources of Mercier’s Dramatic Theory

民众与戏剧的关联思考肇始于18世纪中后期,与启蒙时代社会政治思考息息相关。在早期法国民众戏剧理念的建构中,梅西耶的剧论扮演了重要角色。民众戏剧是"人民"问题的延伸,与政治美德、公民身份、自由平等、国家民族、理想政体等一系列问题密切相关。梅西耶憧憬共和理想,以戏剧为培养政治美德的教育手段,倡导与之呼应的戏剧美学革新,成为民众戏剧运动的重要先行者。

The interest in studying the connection between people and drama began in the middle of the 18th century,and it was closely related to the social and political thinking of the Enlightenment.Mercier’s dramatic theory played an important role in the construction of the early concept of people’s drama.People’s drama is an extension of the issue of"people"and is closely related to a series of issues such as political virtue,citizenship,freedom and equality,nationality,and ideal government.Looking forward to the republican ideal,Mercier used drama as an educational means to cultivate political virtues,advocated the innovation of drama aesthetics,and became an important forerunner of the People’s Theatre movement.